ABSTRACT
Background and Aims: There is an increasing recognition of reinfection in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We studied the reinfection of COVID-19 disease among doctors at a tertiary care centre in Northern India. Methods: All COVID-19 patients readmitted for COVID-19 disease after any duration with at least a positive Real time- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were included. Their clinical profile, vaccination status, outcome and Centre for disease control (CDC), Atlanta, USA reinfection criteria screening were recorded. Results: A total of 57 (0.53%) doctors were identified and 56 of them satisfied the CDC criteria. It included 13 (20.3%) females and 89.3% of cases were from clinical specialities; 98.2% of individuals had the first infection in 2020 and mean duration between 2 infections was 156.29 ± 76.02 (35-298) days. Duration between two episodes of the disease with more than 90 days apart was in 80.3% cases. One (1.8%) patient developed severe disease and two (3.6%) cases were of moderate severity. Symptoms were similar in both infections except significantly higher number of extra-respiratory complaints (2.2% vs. 9.1%). There were 37.5% cases who had received first dose of vaccination of any duration at the time of second infection. Nine (16.1%) and four (7.1%) patients with more than 4 weeks after the first and second dose of vaccination developed the second infection, respectively. Conclusion: Majority of reinfection were symptomatic and developed after 90 days and so majority followed CDC criteria. Breakthrough infections among vaccinated healthcare worker are real, and with sustained exposure to the virus, they should continue to use precaution including hand hygiene and mask in order to prevent reinfection.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Covid-19 is an unprecedented challenge in our times leaving a trail of destruction and mayhem affecting almost all of us during the last 2 years. Various data sources are available around the globe to measure its impact using various yardsticks. Material and Methods: By carefully looking at data available at the website maintained by Government of India, we can draw some useful conclusions. Results: There is a dip in the number of online registrations at our hospital coinciding with second wave and resultant lockdown. Conclusion: Tracing digital footprints of an event as huge as the Covid pandemic may help us for future planning when we learn its lessons well.
ABSTRACT
Introduction Newer coexisting conditions should be identified in order to modify newer risk factors. Aim was to identify patients with non-classical or less common coexisting conditions in patients infected of COVID 19. Method Single centred study from June 2020 to May 2021 at a tertiary centre in North India. A preformed questionnaire was used to record clinical and laboratory parameters and to identify cases which are in addition to CDC list and Indian data. Results 0.67% (46) cases out of 6832 patients were identified to have non-classical coexisting illness. It was divided into 2 groups-infections A (60.1%) and non-infections B (39.9%). Group A included-tuberculosis- pulmonary (14.3%) & extra pulmonary (32.9%), bacterial (25.0%) viral infections [dengue, hepatitis B & C] (14.3%), HIV disease (10.7%) and malaria (3.6%). Group B included- organ transplant (27.8%), autoimmune [myasthenia gravis, polymyositis, psoriasis] (22.6%), haematologic [Haemophilia, ITP, Aplastic anaemia, APML, CML] (27.8%), uncommon malignancies [disseminated sacral chordoma and GTN] (11.1%) and snakebite (11.1%). Serum Procalcitonin was not helpful for diagnosis of bacterial infection in COVID-19 disease. Group A had significantly longer duration of illness, hepatitis and elevated CRP. The mortality in group A & B were 32.1% and 43.8% respectively. Death in non-severe COVID cases was in tetanus and snakebite. 30.7% death among tuberculosis patients. More than 70% of deaths were attributable to COVID 19 in both the groups. Conclusion In Indian settings, comorbidities like tuberculosis and bacterial infections can precipitate severe COVID 19 unlike other parts of the world where tuberculosis is relatively uncommon.
ABSTRACT
More than 55% of doctors admitted that neither there was any health insurance plan nor any security against the incidences of doctors getting assaulted by patients of COVID-19 and their attendants provided by their institute or state government. Only 21% of doctors reported personal protective equipment in adequate number for all the health care workers at their workplace and triage teams availability by only 51% of doctors. Coronavirus Disease 2019;Doctors;India;Scenario INTRODUCTION On January 30, 2020, the Director-General, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the outbreak of 2019-nCoV constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Even though online surveys are associated with various limitations, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has approved this as an acceptable method of data collection since "social distancing norms may not facilitate conventional methods of data collection" during the pandemic.